• 1983 - Kary Mullis invented the Polymerase Chain Reaction, or PCR. PCR allows the                      rapid replication of designated fragments of DNA. This technique greatly                            facilitated every aspect of molecular biology.

 

• 1986 - Steen Willadsen, working for the biotechnology company Grenada Genetics,                       cloned a cow using differentiated cells extracted from one-week-old embryos.

 

• 1990 - The Human Genome Project began.

 

• 1995 - Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell of the Roslin Institute in Scotland successfully                  cloned two sheep, Megan and Morag, using cells  extracted from differentiated                  embryos.

 

• 1996 - (MOST IMPORTANT) Ian Wilmut and Keith Campbell cloned the first animal                    from adult cells. Dolly the sheep, born on July 5, 1996, was created using the so-              called Roslin Technique

 

• 1997 - Two Rhesus Monkeys were cloned by nuclear transfer from the 8-cell stage in                  the laboratory of Don Wolf at Oregan Regional Primate Research Center.

 

 

Dolly the sheep was put down by a lethal anesthetic injection. She suffered from lung cancer caused by a virus. She was six and a half years old. Apart from the cancer and her well-publicized arthritis, she was relatively healthy and normal.